Processes

• & - Spawning

PID

• PID files

• pidof

• /var/spool/pid

Problems

• Deadlock

• Starvation

• Race Condition

Killing

• kill

• kill -9

• killall

Keyboard Shortcuts

• ctrl+c

• ctrl+d

• ^% - escape sequence

Priorities

• nice

Commands

Processes

Command	Type	Description
htop		interactive process viewer
jobs
kill -9
kill		send a signal to a process
kill		send signal to a process
killall		kill processes by name
lxc
memusage		profile memory usage of a program
nice		run a program with modified scheduling priority
nice		change process priority
nohup		run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
nproc		print the number of processing units available
pidof		find the process ID of a running program.
pidwait		look up, signal, or wait for processes based on name and other attributes
pkill		look up, signal, or wait for processes based on name and other attributes
pkill	(3pm)	Kill all instances of a process by pattern matching the command-line
pmap		report memory map of a process
ps aux
ps		report a snapshot of the current processes.
pslog		report current logs path of a process
pstree		display a tree of processes
renice		alter priority of running processes
screen		screen manager with VT100/ANSI terminal emulation
skill		send a signal or report process status
time		run programs and summarize system resource usage
time		get time in seconds
time		overview of time and timers
timeout		run a command with a time limit
times		get process times
top		display Linux processes
wait		wait for process to change state
watch		execute a program periodically, showing output fullscreen
fork	(3am)	basic process management
fg		move process to foreground
bg		move process to background
free		allocate and free dynamic memory